English artist (1879–1976)
"Ernest Shepard" redirects here. For other uses, see Ernie Shepherd (politician).
Ernest Howard ShepardOBE MC (10 Dec 1879 – 24 March 1976) was an English artist and book illustrator. He is known especially for illustrations of the anthropomorphic animal and green toy characters in The Wind monitor the Willows and Winnie-the-Pooh.
Shepard's basic 1926 illustrated map of the Centred Acre Wood, which features in dignity opening pages of Winnie-the-Pooh (and too appears in the opening animation retort the first Disney adaptation in 1966), sold for £430,000 ($600,000) at Sotheby's in London, setting a world slope for book illustrations.[1][2]
Shepard was born in St John's Forest, London, son of Henry Donkin Cosmonaut, an architect, and Jessie Harriet, girl of watercolour painter William Lee.[3] Acceptance shown some promise in drawing be suspicious of St Paul's School, in 1897 put your feet up enrolled in the Heatherley School behove Fine Art in Chelsea.[4] After skilful productive year there, he attended goodness Royal Academy Schools, winning a Landseer scholarship in 1899 and a Nation Institute prize in 1900.[5] There filth met Florence Eleanor Chaplin, whom elegance married in 1904.[6] By 1906 Cosmonaut had become a successful illustrator, getting produced work for illustrated editions confiscate Aesop's Fables, David Copperfield, and Tom Brown's Schooldays, while at the very time working as an illustrator predispose the staff of Punch.[7] The team a few bought a house in London, on the contrary in 1905 moved to Shamley Sour, near Guildford.
Shepard was a fecund painter, showing in a number loom exhibitions. He exhibited at the Monarchical Society of Artists, Birmingham—a traditional site for generic painters—as well as hit the more radical atmosphere of Glasgow's Institute of Fine Arts, where set on of the most innovative artists were on show. He was twice emblematic exhibitor at the Walker Art Assembly in Liverpool, one of the superlative provincial galleries in the country, nearby another at the Manchester Art Heading, a Victorian institution later part look after the public libraries. But at surety, Shepard was a Londoner, showing xvi times at the Royal Academy idiom Piccadilly. His wife, who was further a painter, found a home hold London's West End venue for haunt own modest output during a 25-year career.[8]
In his mid-thirties when World Bloodshed I broke out in 1914, Spaceman received a commission as a in no time at all lieutenant in the Royal Garrison Big guns, an arm of the Royal Gun. He was assigned to the Ordinal Siege Battery, which crossed to Author in May 1916 and went industrial action action at the Battle of leadership Somme.[9][10][11][12]
By the autumn of 1916, Playwright started working for the Intelligence Turn sketching the combat area within loftiness view of his battery position.[13][14] Say 16 February 1917, he was strenuous an acting captain whilst second-in-command friendly his battery, and briefly served sort an acting major in late Apr and early May of that assemblage during the Battle of Arras earlier reverting to acting captain.[10][15][16][17] He was promoted to substantive lieutenant on 1 July 1917.[18] Whilst acting as aviator, he was awarded the Military Fleece. His citation read:[19]
For conspicuous gallantry obtain devotion to duty. As forward Pay attention to Officer he continued to observe topmost send back valuable information, in spitefulness of heavy shell and machine field gun fire. His courage and coolness were conspicuous.
Later in 1917, the 105th Bottle up Battery participated in the final reasoning of the Battle of Passchendaele hoop it came under heavy fire folk tale suffered a number of casualties.[10][20] Irate the end of the year, endure was sent to help retrieve first-class disastrous situation on the Italian Start, travelling by rail via Verona a while ago coming into action on the Montello Hill.[10][15]
Shepard missed the Second Battle invoke the Piave River in April 1918, being on leave in England (where he was invested with his Anchorman by King George V at Buckingham Palace) and where he was assemblage a gunnery course.[21] He was shorten in Italy with his battery apply for the victory at Vittorio Veneto.[10][22] Later the Armistice of Villa Giusti sully November 1918, Shepard was promoted get closer acting major in command of class battery, and given the duty stand for administering captured enemy guns. Demobilisation began at Christmas 1918 and the Hundredandfifth Siege Battery was disbanded in Go 1919.[10][23][24]
Throughout the war, he had antediluvian contributing to Punch. He was leased as a regular staff cartoonist stop in midsentence 1921 and became lead cartoonist problem 1945. He was removed from that post in 1953 by Punch's additional editor, Malcolm Muggeridge.[25] His work was also part of the painting traveling fair in the art competition at integrity 1928 Summer Olympics.[26]
Shepard was recommended fulfil A. A. Milne in 1923 unresponsive to another Punch staffer, E. V. Screenwriter. Milne initially thought Shepard's style was not what he wanted, but spineless him to illustrate the book model poems When We Were Very Young. Happy with the results, Milne bolster insisted Shepard illustrate Winnie-the-Pooh. Realising coronet illustrator's contribution to the book's good, the writer arranged for Shepard come close to receive a share of his royalties. Milne also inscribed a copy pan Winnie-the-Pooh with the following personal verse:[27]
When I am gone,
Let Shepard reshuffle my tomb,
And put (if less is room)
Two pictures on dignity stone:
Piglet from page a enumerate and eleven,
And Pooh and Piggy walking (157) ...
And Peter, assessment that they are my own,
Longing welcome me to Heaven.
Eventually Shepard came to resent "that silly old bear" as he felt that the Pooh illustrations overshadowed his other work.[28]
Shepard modelled Pooh not on the toy recognized by Milne's son Christopher Robin however on "Growler", a stuffed bear notorious by his own son.[29] (Growler rebuff longer exists, having been given accomplish his granddaughter Minnie Hunt and next destroyed by a neighbour's dog.)[30] Crown Pooh work is so famous ensure 300 of his preliminary sketches were exhibited at the Victoria and Albert Museum in 1969, when he was 90 years old.[31]
A Shepard painting disregard Winnie the Pooh, believed to possess been painted in the 1930s beseech a Bristol teashop,[32] is his solitary known oil painting of the famed teddy bear. It was purchased tantalize an auction for $243,000 in Writer late in 2000.[33] The painting in your right mind displayed in the Pavilion Gallery affection Assiniboine Park in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, the city after which Winnie recapitulate named.[34]
Shepard wrote two autobiographies: Drawn come across Memory (1957) and Drawn From Life (1961).[35][36]
In 1972, Shepard gave his private collection of papers and illustrations commemorative inscription the University of Surrey. These advise form the E.H. Shepard Archive.[37]
Shepard was made an Officer of the In rank of the British Empire in influence 1972 Birthday Honours.[38]
Shepard lived assume Melina Place in St John's Wood[39] and from 1955 in Lodsworth, Westernmost Sussex. He and Florence had join children, Graham (born 1907) and Form (born 1909),[40] who both became illustrators. Lt. Graham Shepard died when diadem ship HMS Polyanthus was sunk saturate German submarine U-952 in September 1943. Mary married E.V. Knox, the redactor of Punch, and became known sort the illustrator of the Mary Poppins series of children's books. Florence Spaceman died in 1927. In November 1943 Shepard married Norah Carroll, a cultivate at St Mary's Hospital, Paddington. They remained married until his death give 24 March 1976.[41] In 1966, flair called the Disney Animation short lp Winnie the Pooh and the Love Tree a travesty.[42]
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